Paper Info
Title
Reversible watermarking for images
Abstract
Reversible watermarking is a technique for embedding data in a digital host signal in such a manner that the original host signal can be restored in a bit-exact manner in the restoration process. In this paper, we present a general framework for reversible watermarking in multi-media signals. A mapping function, which is in general neither injective nor subjective, is used to map the input signal to a perceptually equivalent output signal. The resulting unused sample values of the output signal are used to encode additional (watermark) information and restoration data. At the 2003 SPIE conference, examples of this technique applied to digital audio were presented. In this paper we concentrate on color and gray-scale images. A particular challenge in this context is not only the optimization of rate-distortion, but also the measure of perceptual quality (i.e. the distortion). In literature distortion is often expressed in terms of PSNR, making comparison among different techniques relatively straightforward. We show that our general framework for reversible watermarking applies to digital images and that results can be presented in terms of PSNR rate-distortions. However, the framework allows for more subtle signal manipulations that are not easily expressed in terms of PSNR distortion. These chances involve manipulations of contrast and/or saturation.
Year
DOI
Venue
2004
10.1117/12.525084
PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE)
Keywords
Field
DocType
image processing,watermarking,reversible watermarking,data hiding,lossless data embedding
Computer vision,Steganography,Digital watermarking,Information hiding,Image processing,Digital image,Watermark,Artificial intelligence,Distortion,Mathematics,Color image
Conference
Volume
ISSN
Citations 
5306
0277-786X
5
PageRank 
References 
Authors
1.31
1
3
Name
Order
Citations
PageRank
Arno J. Van Leest1104.22
Michiel Van Der Veen221420.06
Fons Bruekers39710.95