Paper Info
Title
Measuring and Predicting Temperature Distributions on FPGAs at Run-Time
Abstract
In the next decades, hybrid multi-cores will be the predominant architecture for reconfigurable FPGA-based systems. Temperature-aware thread mapping strategies are key for providing dependability in such systems. These strategies rely on measuring the temperature distribution and redicting the thermal behavior of the system when there are changes to the hardware and software running on the FPGA. While there are a number of tools that use thermal models to predict temperature distributions at design time, these tools lack the flexibility to autonomously adjust to changing FPGA configurations. To address this problem we propose a temperature-aware system that empowers FPGA-based reconfigurable multi-cores to autonomously predict the on-chip temperature distribution for pro-active thread remapping. Our system obtains temperature measurements through a self-calibrating grid of sensors and uses area constrained heat-generating circuits in order to generate spatial and temporal temperature gradients. The generated temperature variations are then used to learn the free parameters of the system's thermal model. The system thus acquires an understanding of its own thermal characteristics. We implemented an FPGA system containing a net of 144 temperature sensors on a Xilinx Virtex-6 LX240T FPGA that is aware of its thermal model. Finally, we show that the temperature predictions vary less than 0.72 degree C on average compared to the measured temperature distributions at run-time.
Year
DOI
Venue
2011
10.1109/ReConFig.2011.59
Reconfigurable Computing and FPGAs
Keywords
Field
DocType
temperature sensor,measured temperature distribution,predicting temperature distributions,system obtains temperature measurement,thermal model,fpga system,temporal temperature gradient,on-chip temperature distribution,temperature prediction,temperature variation,temperature distribution,heating,temperature gradient,temperature measurement,fpga,ring oscillator,field programmable gate array,chip,field programmable gate arrays
Dependability,Computer science,Field-programmable gate array,Real-time computing,Thread (computing),Software,Electronic circuit,Temperature measurement,Grid,Free parameter
Conference
ISBN
Citations 
PageRank 
978-1-4577-1734-5
16
0.95
References 
Authors
8
3
Name
Order
Citations
PageRank
Markus Happe11017.71
Andreas Agne2787.28
Christian Plessl329735.98