Title
A Black Hen Lays White Eggs
Abstract
This paper proposes novel algorithms for computing double-size modular multiplications with few modulus-dependent precomputations. Low-end devices such as smartcards are usually equipped with hardware Montgomery multipliers. However, due to progresses of mathematical attacks, security institutions such as NIST have steadily demanded longer bit-lengths for public-key cryptography, making the multipliers quickly obsolete. In an attempt to extend the lifespan of such multipliers, double-size techniques compute modular multiplications with twice the bit-length of the multipliers. Techniques are known for extending the bit-length of classical Euclidean multipliers, of Montgomery multipliers and the combination thereof, namely bipartite multipliers. However, unlike classical and bipartite multiplications, Montgomery multiplications involve modulus-dependent precomputations, which amount to a large part of an RSA encryption or signature verification. The proposed double-size technique simulates double-size multiplications based on single-size Montgomery multipliers, and yet precomputations are essentially free: in an 2048-bit RSA encryption or signature verification with public exponent e= 216+ 1, the proposal with a 1024-bit Montgomery multiplier is 1.4 times faster than the best previous technique.
Year
DOI
Venue
2008
10.1007/978-3-540-85893-5_6
CARDIS
Keywords
Field
DocType
single-size montgomery multiplier,montgomery multiplier,double-size technique,signature verification,montgomery multiplication,1024-bit montgomery multiplier,black hen lays white,modulus-dependent precomputations,double-size multiplication,double-size modular multiplication,hardware montgomery multiplier,smartcard,modular multiplication,public key cryptography
Computer science,Cryptography,Bipartite graph,Algorithm,Arithmetic,Smart card,Real-time computing,Encryption,Multiplier (economics),NIST,Modular design,Euclidean geometry
Conference
Citations 
PageRank 
References 
1
0.38
6
Authors
3
Name
Order
Citations
PageRank
Masayuki Yoshino1217.43
Katsuyuki Okeya244738.47
Camille Vuillaume39010.61