Title
Energy storage in datacenters: what, where, and how much?
Abstract
Energy storage - in the form of UPS units - in a datacenter has been primarily used to fail-over to diesel generators upon power outages. There has been recent interest in using these Energy Storage Devices (ESDs) for demand-response (DR) to either shift peak demand away from high tariff periods, or to shave demand allowing aggressive under-provisioning of the power infrastructure. All such prior work has only considered a single/specific type of ESD (typically re-chargeable lead-acid batteries), and has only employed them at a single level of the power delivery network. Continuing technological advances have provided us a plethora of competitive ESD options ranging from ultra-capacitors, to different kinds of batteries, flywheels and even compressed air-based storage. These ESDs offer very different trade-offs between their power and energy costs, densities, lifetimes, and energy efficiency, among other factors, suggesting that employing hybrid combinations of these may allow more effective DR than with a single technology. Furthermore, ESDs can be placed at different, and possibly multiple, levels of the power delivery hierarchy with different associated trade-offs. To our knowledge, no prior work has studied the extensive design space involving multiple ESD technology provisioning and placement options. This paper intends to fill this critical void, by presenting a theoretical framework for capturing important characteristics of different ESD technologies, the trade-offs of placing them at different levels of the power hierarchy, and quantifying the resulting cost-benefit trade-offs as a function of workload properties.
Year
DOI
Venue
2012
10.1145/2254756.2254780
SIGMETRICS
Keywords
Field
DocType
energy storage,power hierarchy,different level,different associated trade-offs,power delivery hierarchy,different trade-offs,power infrastructure,different kind,prior work,power delivery network,different esd technology,datacenters,energy efficient
Energy storage,Efficient energy use,Computer science,Simulation,Workload,Flywheel,Provisioning,Peak demand,Compressed air,Reliability engineering,Cost reduction,Distributed computing
Conference
Volume
Issue
ISSN
40
1
0163-5999
Citations 
PageRank 
References 
87
3.76
27
Authors
5
Name
Order
Citations
PageRank
Di Wang11337143.48
Chuangang Ren223910.04
Anand Sivasubramaniam34485291.86
Bhuvan Urgaonkar42309158.10
Hosam K. Fathy526838.19