Title
A Simple Proof of Toda's Theorem
Abstract
Toda in his celebrated paper showed that the polynomial-time hierarchy is contained in P#P. We give a short and simple proof of the first half of Toda's Theorem that the polynomial-time hierarchy is contained in BPP P. Our proof uses easy consequences of relativizable proofs of results that predate Toda. For completeness we also include a proof of the second half of Toda's Theorem.
Year
DOI
Venue
2009
10.4086/toc.2009.v005a007
Theory of Computing
Keywords
Field
DocType
relativization,toda's theorem,polynomial time
Analytic proof,Discrete mathematics,Combinatorics,Mathematical proof,Hierarchy,Completeness (statistics),Mathematics,Toda's theorem
Journal
Volume
Issue
Citations 
5
1
3
PageRank 
References 
Authors
0.38
5
1
Name
Order
Citations
PageRank
Lance Fortnow12788352.32