Title
Formative evaluation and preliminary findings of a virtual reality telerehabilitation system for the lower extremity
Abstract
Usability studies are an essential and iterative component of technology develop- ment and ease its transfer from the laboratory to the clinic. Although such studies are standard methodology in today's graphical user-interface applications, it is not clear that current methods apply to new technologies such as virtual reality. Thus experimentation is needed to examine what existing methods can be viably trans- ferred to the new user-interaction situations. In this paper, 5 integrated interfaces with 3 simultaneous users are evaluated via a set of usability studies, which adapt traditional methods for assessing the ease of use of the interface design. A single expert domain user was run in an intensive study that examined the therapist man- ual and interfaces of the Rutgers Ankle Rehabilitation System (RARS). The interface and manual were extensively modified based on this evaluation. A second study involving 5 therapists was then conducted to evaluate the telerehabilitation compo- nent of the RARS system. In both studies, the tester and developer's observations, along with the session videotapes and therapist-user questionnaires, were triangu- lated to identify user problems and suggest design changes expected to increase the usability of the system. Changes that resulted from the analysis with the domain expert are described and recommendations for how to conduct usability studies in such multiuser remote virtual reality situations are proposed. Results from the pilot usability telemonitoring studies are also presented. The validity of usability studies in the development and refinement of rehabilitation technology is highlighted.
Year
DOI
Venue
2005
10.1162/1054746053967030
Teleoperators and Virtual Environments
Keywords
Field
DocType
multiuser remote virtual reality,interface design,intensive study,domain expert,pilot usability,design change,iterative component,virtual reality telerehabilitation system,usability study,integrated interface,preliminary finding,formative evaluation,lower extremity,rars system,graphic user interface,ease of use,virtual reality
Usability engineering,Computer science,Heuristic evaluation,Simulation,Usability,Usability goals,Usability lab,Human–computer interaction,Cognitive walkthrough,Usability inspection,System usability scale,Multimedia
Journal
Volume
Issue
ISSN
14
2
1054-7460
Citations 
PageRank 
References 
3
0.76
7
Authors
6
Name
Order
Citations
PageRank
Judith A. Deutsch130.76
Jeffrey Lewis2317.20
Elizabeth Whitworth330.76
Rares F. Boian412626.03
Grigore Burdea56212.39
Marilyn Tremaine638764.54