Title
Lessons From Mission-Critical Spreadsheets
Abstract
We present eighteen examples of mission-critical spreadsheets used by diverse people and organizations for application software development, financial risk management, executive information systems, sales and marketing business processes, business operations, and complex analytics. We argue the spreadsheet is a Rapid Development Language, an Integrated Development Environment, and a Fourth Generation Language, and has unusual challenges regarding source code protection. We note that intentional spreadsheet applications are largely absent from the error literature. We explain why people might prefer a spreadsheet to an application developed by the IT department, and show how some spreadsheet programmers choose to avoid-or do not have-an IT department.We find that 1) Spreadsheets are widely used for mission-critical functions; 2) Spreadsheets are an effective application development platform; 3) There is diversity of development skill in creators of mission-critical spreadsheets; 4) Sophisticated programmers sometimes choose spreadsheets over other languages; 5) Spreadsheets are amenable to formal development practices, but such practices seem rare; 6) Spreadsheets play a central role in the evolution of business processes and work systems; and 7) Spreadsheets are a source of "accidental legacy systems". We provide the Skill-User Programming Paradigm to help interpret and explain our observations. We conclude that spreadsheets are vitally important to business, and merit sustained research to discover techniques to enhance quality, productivity, and maintainability.
Year
Venue
Keywords
2007
COMMUNICATIONS OF THE ASSOCIATION FOR INFORMATION SYSTEMS
spreadsheets, empirical research, information systems
Field
DocType
Volume
Work systems,Software engineering,Business process,Computer science,Business operations,Fourth-generation programming language,Knowledge management,Executive information system,Mission critical,Analytics,Legacy system
Journal
20
ISSN
Citations 
PageRank 
1529-3181
14
2.70
References 
Authors
15
3
Name
Order
Citations
PageRank
Thomas A. Grossman18115.91
Vijay Mehrotra2769.97
Ozgur Ozluk3568.92