Paper Info
Title
Analysis Of Feature-Based Geometry Invariant Watermarking
Abstract
Ensuring robustness against geometrical manipulations is a challenging task for watermarking algorithms. Watermarking algorithms that depend on the inherent geometry of the image for synchronization fail ungracefully due to de-synchronization through geometric manipulations. A class of algorithms tries to overcome this problem using feature-based synchronization markers. These are essentially composed of three building blocks: feature point extraction, elementary patch formation and registration to a standard geometry, and watermarking of elementary patches. Extracted feature points are bound to the image content, thus may be used as robust synchronization markers. This set of points is used to divide the image into elementary patches, which are warped into a standard geometry ensuring the exact synchronization during insertion and extraction. Once the synchronization is provided, any watermarking technique may reliably operate on elementary patches.In this paper, we present an analysis of feature-based geometry invariant watermarking algorithms. A discussion of the requirements on each building block is followed by potential solutions to meet these requirements. Furthermore, we present theoretical and practical limitations of these solutions via examples. In particular, segmentation based feature point extractors and triangulation based elementary patch formations are evaluated.
Year
DOI
Venue
2001
10.1117/12.435407
SECURITY AND WATERMARKING OF MULTIMEDIA CONTENTS III
Keywords
Field
DocType
watermarking, geometry invariance, feature extraction, registration, warping
Digital watermarking,Artificial intelligence,Geometry,Computer vision,Synchronization,Image warping,Invariant (physics),Segmentation,Algorithm,Feature extraction,Triangulation (social science),Invariant (mathematics),Physics
Conference
Volume
ISSN
Citations 
4314
0277-786X
8
PageRank 
References 
Authors
0.74
8
4
Name
Order
Citations
PageRank
Mehmet U. Celik11248.71
Eli Saber247858.40
Gaurav Sharma364056.64
A. Murat Tekalp42603278.04