Paper Info
Title
A 16 X 16 Pixel Distance Sensor With In-Pixel Circuitry That Tolerates 150 Klx Of Ambient Light
Abstract
A time-of-flight depth sensor is presented employing a correlation based concept. The pixels are able to suppress contributions of ambient light up to 150 klx autonomously and directly in the electronic circuits consuming only 2 A, each. All 16 16 pixels capture the depth information simultaneously at maximally 16 frames per second using an external A/D converter (ADC). Additionally, an embedded 12-bit ADC can be used for converting the analog output values of the pixels to the digital domain at lower frame rates. Distance measurements in a range of 0-3.2 m show standard deviations in the centimeter range and a linearity error within -1/+2 cm. The influence of extraneous light is expressed as a relative distance error which is also in the centimeter range. A complete impression of the sensor system is given by discussing the pixel circuits, the ADC design, the design of the modulated light source providing 0.9 W optical power in the near infrared, and the auxiliary setup including an FPGA board. Additionally, a sensor model is provided to predict the measurement error due to stochastic sources. Three-dimensional snapshots as well as a comparison with state-of-the-art sensors and products complete the paper.
Year
DOI
Venue
2010
10.1109/JSSC.2010.2048075
IEEE JOURNAL OF SOLID-STATE CIRCUITS
Keywords
Field
DocType
3D camera, correlation principle, optical distance measurement, time-of-flight, ADC, system on chip, integrated optoelectronics, mixed analog-digital integrated circuits
Optical power,Image sensor,Computer science,Linearity,Circuit design,Optics,Electronic engineering,Frame rate,Pixel,Electronic circuit,Observational error
Journal
Volume
Issue
ISSN
45
7
0018-9200
Citations 
PageRank 
References 
7
1.33
5
Authors
3
Name
Order
Citations
PageRank
Gerald Zach192.51
Milos Davidovic282.78
H. Zimmermann35715.95