Paper Info
Title
A High-Power and Scalable 2-D Phased Array for Terahertz CMOS Integrated Systems
Abstract
This work introduces a 2-D phased array architecture that is suitable for high power radiation at mm-Wave and Terahertz frequencies. We address the challenge of signal generation above the cut-off frequency of transistors by presenting a radiation method based on the collective performance of a large number of synchronized sources. As theory shows, both frequency locking/tuning and beam steering can be independently achieved by manipulating the local coupling between the nearest neighbors. This control method results in a dynamical network that is insensitive to array dimensions and is scalable to the point that can achieve a level of output power and spectral purity beyond the reach of conventional sources. To demonstrate the concept, we implement a 4 ×4 version of this phased array at 340 GHz using a 65 nm bulk CMOS process. The paper presents the design and implementation of the oscillators, couplings and the integrated antennas. The measured results at 338 GHz reveal a peak equivalent isotropically radiated power (EIRP) of +17.1 dBm and a phase noise of -93 dBc/Hz at the 1 MHz offset frequency. This chip presents the first fully integrated terahertz phased array on silicon. Furthermore, the output power is higher than any lens-less silicon-based source above 200 GHz and the phase noise is lower than all silicon radiating sources above 100 GHz.
Year
DOI
Venue
2015
10.1109/JSSC.2014.2375324
Solid-State Circuits, IEEE Journal of  
Keywords
Field
DocType
cmos integrated circuits,beam steering,coupled circuits,integrated circuit design,oscillators,signal generators,terahertz wave devices,frequency 338 ghz,frequency 340 ghz,frequency locking,frequency tuning,high power radiation,high-power 2d phased array,local coupling,scalable 2d phased array,signal generation,size 65 nm,spectral purity,terahertz cmos integrated systems,terahertz phased array,cmos,coupled oscillators,distributed systems,phased array,radiator,scaling,terahertz,synchronization,couplings
Spectral purity,Computer science,Equivalent isotropically radiated power,Phased-array optics,Phase noise,Phased array,Beam steering,Electronic engineering,CMOS,Terahertz radiation,Electrical engineering
Journal
Volume
Issue
ISSN
50
2
0018-9200
Citations 
PageRank 
References 
12
0.65
23
Authors
2
Name
Order
Citations
PageRank
Yahya M. Tousi116113.68
Ehsan Afshari232536.65