Title
A 3-D Camera With Adaptable Background Light Suppression Using Pixel-Binning and Super-Resolution
Abstract
This paper presents a CMOS time-of-flight (TOF) 3-D camera employing a column-level background light (BGL) suppression scheme for high-resolution outdoor imaging. The use of the column-level approach minimizes a pixel size for high-density pixel arrays. Pixel-binning and super-resolution can be adaptably applied for an optimal BGL suppression at given spatiotemporal resolutions. A prototype sensor has been fabricated by using 0.11 μm CMOS processes. The sensor achieved a fill factor of 24% in a pixel pitch of 5.9 μm which is the smallest among all the reported TOF cameras up to date. Measurement results showed the temporal noise of 1.47 cm-rms with a 100 ms integration time at a demodulation frequency of 12.5 MHz using a white target at 1 m distance. The non-linearity was measured as 1% over the range of 0.75 m ~ 4 m. The BGL suppression over 100 klx was achieved from indoor and outdoor experiments, while the BGL-induced offset was maintained less than 2.6 cm under 0 ~ 100 klx.
Year
DOI
Venue
2014
10.1109/JSSC.2014.2340377
J. Solid-State Circuits
Keywords
DocType
Volume
demodulation,background light suppression,time 100 ms,column-level approach,pinned photodiode,time-of-flight,CMOS image sensors,pixel-binning,image resolution,superresolution,high-resolution outdoor imaging,distance 0.75 m to 4 m,3-D camera,size 0.11 mum,pixel size minimization,column-level background light suppression scheme,frequency 12.5 MHz,CMOS time-of-flight 3D camera,TOF,super-resolution,integrated circuit noise,spatiotemporal resolution,pixel binning,optimal BGL suppression,CMOS image sensor,demodulation pixel,high-density pixel array,Ambient light suppression,sensor arrays
Journal
49
Issue
ISSN
Citations 
10
0018-9200
4
PageRank 
References 
Authors
0.42
0
7
Name
Order
Citations
PageRank
Jihyun Cho1628.67
Jaehyuk Choi238840.84
Seong-Jin Kim312117.18
Seok-Jun Park4495.21
Jungsoon Shin540.42
James D. K. Kim640.42
Euisik Yoon710916.58