Name
Abstract | ||
|---|---|---|
ABSTRACT This paper describes the Enhanced,Full Rate (EFR) speech codec that has been,recently standardized,by ETSI for the GSM mobile communications,system in 1996. The codec was developed,jointly by Nokia and University of Sherbrooke. It operates at 12.2 kbit/s speech coding (source coding) bit-rate and provides speech quality equivalent to that of wireline telephony,(G.726 32 kbit/s ADPCM). The algorithm is based,on the algebraic code-excited linear prediction (ACELP) technology,20 ms speech frames. The GSM EFR speech codec provides,substantial quality improvement,compared,to the current GSM full rate (FR) and half rate (HR) codecs. The old GSM codecs lags far behind wireline quality even in error-free conditions, while the EFR codec provides,wireline quality also for the most,typical error conditions. With the EFR codec, wireline quality is also sustained in the presence of background,noise and in tandem,connections (mobile- to-mobile calls). The codec,was,defined,using,fixed-point basic operators with complexity estimated at 18 WMOPS (below that of the GSM half-rate codec). |
Year | DOI | Venue |
|---|---|---|
1997 | 10.1109/ICC.1997.609960 | Communications, 1997. ICC '97 Montreal, Towards the Knowledge Millennium. 1997 IEEE International Conference |
Keywords | Field | DocType |
cellular radio,computational complexity,digital radio,land mobile radio,linear predictive coding,speech codecs,telecommunication standards,12.2 kbit/s,ACELP,EFR speech codec,ETSI,GSM enhanced full rate speech codec,GSM mobile communications system,Nokia,University of Sherbrooke,algebraic code-excited linear prediction,background noise,complexity,error conditions,fixed-point basic operators,mobile-to-mobile calls,quality improvement,source coding bit-rate,speech coding bit-rate,speech quality,tandem connections,wireline quality | Enhanced full rate,Half Rate,Computer science,Adaptive Multi-Rate audio codec,Speech recognition,Full Rate,Enhanced Variable Rate Codec,Codec2,Algebraic code-excited linear prediction,Codec | Conference |
Volume | ISBN | Citations |
2 | 0-7803-3925-8 | 3 |
PageRank | References | Authors |
0.72 | 1 | 4 |
Name | Order | Citations | PageRank |
|---|---|---|---|
| R. Salami | 1 | 196 | 24.90 |
| Loflamme, C. | 2 | 3 | 0.72 |
| B. Bessette | 3 | 155 | 18.58 |
| J. Adoul | 4 | 290 | 63.42 |