Paper Info
Title
Comparison of list-mode and DIRECT approaches for time-of-flight PET reconstruction.
Abstract
Early clinical results with time-of-flight (TOF) positron emission tomography (PET) systems have demonstrated the advantages of TOF information in PET reconstruction. Reconstruction approaches in TOF-PET systems include list-mode and binned iterative algorithms as well as confidence-weighted analytic methods. List-mode iterative TOF reconstruction retains the resolutions of the data in the spatial and temporal domains without any binning approximations but is computationally intensive. We have developed an approach [DIRECT (direct image reconstruction for TOF)] to speed up TOF-PET reconstruction that takes advantage of the reduced angular sampling requirement of TOF data by grouping list-mode data into a small number of azimuthal views and co-polar tilts and depositing the grouped events into histo-images, arrays with the sampling and geometry of the final image. All physical effects are included in the system model and deposited in the same histo-image structure. Using histo-images allows efficient computation during reconstruction without ray-tracing or interpolation operations. The DIRECT approach was compared with 3-D list-mode TOF ordered subsets expectation maximization (OSEM) reconstruction for phantom and patient data taken on the University of Pennsylvania research LaBr (3) TOF-PET scanner. The total processing and reconstruction time for these studies with DIRECT without attention to code optimization is approximately 25%-30% that of list-mode TOF-OSEM to achieve comparable image quality. Furthermore, the reconstruction time for DIRECT is independent of the number of events and/or sizes of the spatial and TOF kernels, while the time for list-mode TOF-OSEM increases with more events or larger kernels. The DIRECT approach is able to reproduce the image quality of list-mode iterative TOF reconstruction both qualitatively and quantitatively in measured data with a reduced time.
Year
DOI
Venue
2012
10.1109/TMI.2012.2190088
IEEE transactions on medical imaging
Keywords
DocType
Volume
time-of-flight pet,expectation-maximisation algorithm,image quality,direct approach,list-mode algorithm,histo-images,direct image reconstruction,time-of-flight pet reconstruction,image reconstruction,ordered subsets expectation maximization,image sampling,confidence-weighted analytic methods,osem,positron emission tomography,pet reconstruction,biological tissues,binned iterative algorithm,upenn prototype tof-pet scanner,phantoms,iterative methods,medical image processing,reduced angular sampling,phantom,noise,spatial resolution
Journal
31
Issue
ISSN
ISBN
7
1558-254X
978-1-4244-9106-3
Citations 
PageRank 
References 
0
0.34
5
Authors
5
Name
Order
Citations
PageRank
Margaret E. Daube-witherspoon16419.35
Samuel Matej2589.05
Matthew E. Werner300.34
Suleman Surti400.34
Joel S Karp5132.74