Title
Fast covariance estimation for high-dimensional functional data.
Abstract
We propose two fast covariance smoothing methods and associated software that scale up linearly with the number of observations per function. Most available methods and software cannot smooth covariance matrices of dimension \(J>500\); a recently introduced sandwich smoother is an exception but is not adapted to smooth covariance matrices of large dimensions, such as \(J= 10{,}000\). We introduce two new methods that circumvent those problems: (1) a fast implementation of the sandwich smoother for covariance smoothing; and (2) a two-step procedure that first obtains the singular value decomposition of the data matrix and then smoothes the eigenvectors. These new approaches are at least an order of magnitude faster in high dimensions and drastically reduce computer memory requirements. The new approaches provide instantaneous (a few seconds) smoothing for matrices of dimension \(J=10{,}000\) and very fast (\(<\)10 min) smoothing for \(J=100{,}000\). R functions, simulations, and data analysis provide ready to use, reproducible, and scalable tools for practical data analysis of noisy high-dimensional functional data.
Year
DOI
Venue
2016
10.1007/s11222-014-9485-x
Statistics and Computing
Keywords
DocType
Volume
FACE, fPCA, Penalized splines, Sandwich smoother, Smoothing, Singular value decomposition
Journal
26
Issue
ISSN
Citations 
1-2
1573-1375
4
PageRank 
References 
Authors
0.76
1
4
Name
Order
Citations
PageRank
Luo Xiao182.39
Vadim Zipunnikov271.84
david ruppert371.59
Ciprian M Crainiceanu46110.28