Paper Info
Title
Kernelization via Sampling with Applications to Finding Matchings and Related Problems in Dynamic Graph Streams.
Abstract
In this paper we present a simple but powerful subgraph sampling primitive that is applicable in a variety of computational models including dynamic graph streams (where the input graph is defined by a sequence of edge/hyperedge insertions and deletions) and distributed systems such as MapReduce. In the case of dynamic graph streams, we use this primitive to prove the following results: • Matching: Our main result for matchings is that there exists an Õ(k2) space algorithm that returns the edges of a maximum matching on the assumption the cardinality is at most k. The best previous algorithm used Õ(kn) space where n is the number of vertices in the graph and we prove our result is optimal up to logarithmic factors. Our algorithm has Õ(1) update time. We also show that there exists an Õ(n2/α3) space algorithm that returns an α-approximation for matchings of arbitrary size. In independent work, Assadi et al. (SODA 2016) proved this approximation algorithm is optimal and provided an alternative algorithm. We generalize our exact and approximate algorithms to weighted matching. For graphs with low arboricity such as planar graphs, the space required for constant approximation can be further reduced. While there has been a substantial amount of work on approximate matching in insert-only graph streams, these are the first non-trivial results in the dynamic setting. • Vertex Cover and Hitting Set: There exists an Õ(kd) space algorithm that solves the minimum hitting set problem where d is the cardinality of the input sets and k is an upper bound on the size of the minimum hitting set. We prove this is optimal up to logarithmic factors. Our algorithm has Õ(1) update time. The case d = 2 corresponds to minimum vertex cover. Finally, we consider a larger family of parameterized problems (including b-matching, disjoint paths, vertex coloring among others) for which our subgraph sampling primitive yields fast, small-space dynamic graph stream algorithms. We then show lower bounds for natural problems outside this family.
Year
DOI
Venue
2016
10.5555/2884435.2884527
SODA '16: Symposium on Discrete Algorithms Arlington Virginia January, 2016
Field
DocType
ISBN
Discrete mathematics,Combinatorics,Edge cover,Graph factorization,Vertex (graph theory),Bipartite graph,Hopcroft–Karp algorithm,Matching (graph theory),Independent set,Factor-critical graph,Mathematics
Conference
978-1-61197-433-1
Citations 
PageRank 
References 
12
0.56
32
Authors
7
Name
Order
Citations
PageRank
Rajesh Chitnis1311.96
Graham Cormode23869188.38
Hossein Esfandiari38815.38
MohammadTaghi Hajiaghayi43082201.38
Andrew McGregor51038.08
Morteza Monemizadeh619614.08
Sofya Vorotnikova7635.54