Name
Title | ||
|---|---|---|
Coevolutionary design of a watermark embedding scheme and an extraction algorithm for detecting replicated two-dimensional barcodes. |
Abstract | ||
|---|---|---|
Two-dimensional barcodes (2D codes) are currently used to authenticate airplane boarding passes and online payments. However, little attention has been paid to the malicious replication or fabrication of 2D codes. In a previous study, the authors have proposed a semi-fragile watermark to distinguish an authentic 2D code from a replicated one and have attempted to design the watermarking scheme automatically using optimization. The optimization of a watermark extraction algorithm and watermarking scheme for stable watermark extractions from 2D codes displayed on various display types is the actual desire. However, it is difficult to formulate the two tasks, as a unified optimization problem and solve it with an optimization algorithm because the two problems have different structures and properties. Consequently, this study proposes a sparsely synchronized heterogeneous coevolutionary method for the simultaneous optimization of a watermark embedding scheme and extracting algorithm to detect the replication of 2D codes displayed on mobile phone screens. Experimental results have shown that the proposed method can design a watermark with desirable semi-fragileness that works well on different types of mobile phone displays. |
Year | DOI | Venue |
|---|---|---|
2016 | 10.1016/j.asoc.2015.11.001 | Appl. Soft Comput. |
Keywords | Field | DocType |
Coevolutionary optimization,Multi-objective optimization,Semi-fragile watermark,Two-dimensional barcode,Replication detection,Image processing filter design | Digital watermarking,Authentication,Extraction algorithm,Computer science,Watermark,Multi-objective optimization,Artificial intelligence,Mobile phone,Optimization problem,Computer vision,Pattern recognition,Machine learning,Watermark embedding | Journal |
Volume | Issue | ISSN |
46 | C | 1568-4946 |
Citations | PageRank | References |
0 | 0.34 | 21 |
Authors | ||
3 | ||
Name | Order | Citations | PageRank |
|---|---|---|---|
| Satoshi Ono | 1 | 219 | 39.83 |
| Takeru Maehara | 2 | 8 | 2.31 |
| Kazunari Minami | 3 | 0 | 0.34 |