Title
Approximation and Hardness of Token Swapping.
Abstract
Given a graph G=(V,E) with V={1,...,n}, we place on every vertex a token T_1,...,T_n. A swap is an exchange of tokens on adjacent vertices. We consider the algorithmic question of finding a shortest sequence of swaps such that token T_i is on vertex i. We are able to achieve essentially matching upper and lower bounds, for exact algorithms and approximation algorithms. For exact algorithms, we rule out any 2^{o(n)} algorithm under the ETH. This is matched with a simple 2^{O(n*log(n))} algorithm based on a breadth-first search in an auxiliary graph. We show one general 4-approximation and show APX-hardness. Thus, there is a small constant delta u003e 1 such that every polynomial time approximation algorithm has approximation factor at least delta.Our results also hold for a generalized version, where tokens and vertices are colored. In this generalized version each token must go to a vertex with the same color.
Year
DOI
Venue
2016
10.4230/LIPIcs.ESA.2016.66
european symposium on algorithms
Field
DocType
Citations 
Approximation algorithm,Binary logarithm,Swap (computer programming),Graph,Discrete mathematics,Combinatorics,Vertex (geometry),Upper and lower bounds,Neighbourhood (graph theory),Security token,Mathematics
Conference
1
PageRank 
References 
Authors
0.36
0
6
Name
Order
Citations
PageRank
Tillmann Miltzow13716.31
Lothar Narins210.36
Yoshio Okamoto317028.50
Günter Rote41181129.29
Antonis Thomas510.69
Takeaki Uno61319107.99