Paper Info
Title
Modeling & analysis of an LTE-Advanced receiver using mode-controlled dataflow.
Abstract
Current multi-functional embedded systems such as smartphones and tablets support multiple 2G/3G/4G radio standards including Long Term Evolution (LTE) and LTE-Advanced. LTE-Advanced is the latest industry standard that improves upon LTE by introducing several feature-rich and complex improvements. Moreover, both LTE and LTE-Advanced have real-time requirements. LTE and LTE-Advanced receivers are typically scheduled on a heterogeneous multi-core processor to satisfy real-time and low-power requirements.Manual simulation-based real-time analysis of such applications is infeasible. Dataflow can be used for real-time analysis. Static dataflow allows a rich set of analysis techniques to support real-time scheduling, but is too restrictive to accurately and conveniently model the dynamic data-dependent behavior for many practical applications, including LTE-Advanced. Dynamic dataflow allows modeling of such applications, but in general does not support rigorous real-time analysis.Mode-controlled Dataflow (MCDF) is a restricted form of dynamic dataflow that captures realistic features in such applications and allows rigorous timing analysis. We stepwise refine and develop complete and fine-grained MCDF models of an LTE-Advanced receiver that include two key features: 1) carrier aggregation and 2) enhanced physical downlink control channel processing. We schedule the MCDF models on an industrial platform to benchmark them against (static) Single-rate Dataflow (SRDF) using existing buffer allocation techniques to demonstrate that these models are analyzable and practically applicable. Moreover, we also develop latency analysis techniques for single-rate and mode-controlled dataflow. For our LTE-Advanced receiver, relative to SRDF models, MCDF models offer 1) up to 15% smaller memory consumption, and 2) up to 1.6% smaller LTE-Advanced sub-frame processing latency.
Year
DOI
Venue
2016
10.1016/j.micpro.2016.09.013
Microprocessors and Microsystems - Embedded Hardware Design
Keywords
Field
DocType
LTE,LTE-Advanced,Mode-controlled dataflow,Dataflow modeling
Control channel,Dataflow architecture,Computer science,Latency (engineering),Scheduling (computing),Parallel computing,Real-time computing,Static timing analysis,Dataflow,Telecommunications link,LTE Advanced
Journal
Volume
Issue
ISSN
47
PA
0141-9331
Citations 
PageRank 
References 
0
0.34
0
Authors
3
Name
Order
Citations
PageRank
Hrishikesh Salunkhe1112.39
Orlando Moreira211.06
Kees Van Berkel343171.17