Paper Info
Title
Music and natural sounds in an auditory steady-state response based brain-computer interface to increase user acceptance.
Abstract
Patients with total locked-in syndrome are conscious; however, they cannot express themselves because most of their voluntary muscles are paralyzed, and many of these patients have lost their eyesight. To improve the quality of life of these patients, there is an increasing need for communication-supporting technologies that leverage the remaining senses of the patient along with physiological signals. The auditory steady-state response (ASSR) is an electro-physiologic response to auditory stimulation that is amplitude-modulated by a specific frequency. By leveraging the phenomenon whereby ASSR is modulated by mind concentration, a braincomputer interface paradigm was proposed to classify the selective attention of the patient. In this paper, we propose an auditory stimulation method to minimize auditory stress by replacing the monotone carrier with familiar music and natural sounds for an ergonomic system. Piano and violin instrumentals were employed in the music sessions; the sounds of water streaming and cicadas singing were used in the natural sound sessions. Six healthy subjects participated in the experiment. Electroencephalograms were recorded using four electrodes (Cz, Oz, T7 and T8). Seven sessions were performed using different stimuli. The spectral power at 38 and 42Hz and their ratio for each electrode were extracted as features. Linear discriminant analysis was utilized to classify the selections for each subject. In offline analysis, the average classification accuracies with a modulation index of 1.0 were 89.67% and 87.67% using music and natural sounds, respectively. In online experiments, the average classification accuracies were 88.3% and 80.0% using music and natural sounds, respectively. Using the proposed method, we obtained significantly higher user-acceptance scores, while maintaining a high average classification accuracy.
Year
DOI
Venue
2017
10.1016/j.compbiomed.2017.03.011
Comp. in Bio. and Med.
Keywords
Field
DocType
Auditory steady-state response (ASSR),Auditory stimulation,Brain–computer interface (BCI),Ergonomics,Music,Natural sounds
Modulation index,Computer science,Natural sounds,Violin,Speech recognition,Singing,Linear discriminant analysis,Stimulus (physiology),Steady state (electronics),Auditory stimulation
Journal
Volume
Issue
ISSN
84
C
0010-4825
Citations 
PageRank 
References 
2
0.40
6
Authors
6
Name
Order
Citations
PageRank
Jeong Heo1222.19
Hyun Jae Baek2517.46
Seunghyeok Hong321.08
Min Hye Chang430.76
Jeong Su Lee541.16
Kwang Suk Park626646.43