Paper Info
Title
Signal constellations employing multiplicative groups of Gaussian and Eisenstein integers for Enhanced Spatial Modulation.
Abstract
In this paper, we propose two new signal constellation designs employing Gaussian and Eisenstein Integers for Enhanced Spatial Modulation (ESM). ESM is a novel technique which was propounded by Cheng et al. The advantage of ESM over other Spatial Modulation (SM) schemes lies in its ability to enhance spectral efficiency while keeping the energy efficiency intact. This is done by activating either one or two antennas judiciously depending upon the required trade-off. In ESM, information radiated from the antennas depends upon index of the active transmit antenna combination(s) and also on the set of constellation points chosen, which may include points from multiple constellations. In this paper, we propose signal constellations based on multiplicative groups of Gaussian and Eisenstein integers. The set comprising of Gaussian and Eisenstein integers serves as primary and secondary constellation points for Gaussian Enhanced Spatial Modulation (GESM) scheme. The secondary constellation points are deduced from a single geometric interpolation from the primary constellation points. The Monte Carlo simulation results indicate that the proposed nonuniform constellations achieve impressive SNR gains compared to conventional constellation points used in the design of ESM. This new design has been described for MIMO employing 4 × 4 and 8 × 8 antenna configurations with only two active antennas. Furthermore, a closed form expression for the pairwise error probability (PEP) for the GESM scheme has been deduced. The PEP is utilized to determine the upper bound on the average bit error probability (ABEP). Our simulations indicate that the proposed GESM from Gaussian and Eisenstein integers scheme outperforms all the other variants of SM including conventional ESM by at least 2.5 dB at an average bit error ratio (ABER) of 10−5. Close correspondence between the theoretical analysis and the Monte Carlo simulation results are observed.
Year
DOI
Venue
2017
10.1016/j.phycom.2017.10.012
Physical Communication
Keywords
Field
DocType
Spatial Modulation (SM),Enhanced Spatial Modulation (ESM),Gaussian ESM (GESM),Gaussian integers,Eisenstein integers
Discrete mathematics,Pairwise error probability,Gaussian integer,Topology,Upper and lower bounds,Real-time computing,Eisenstein integer,Constellation diagram,Gaussian,Spectral efficiency,Mathematics,Bit error rate
Journal
Volume
ISSN
Citations 
25
1874-4907
2
PageRank 
References 
Authors
0.38
14
4
Name
Order
Citations
PageRank
Goutham Simha G. D131.07
M. A. N. S. Raghavendra231.07
Shriharsha Koila320.71
U. Shripathi Acharya421.39