Title
Uncovering Tor: An Examination of the Network Structure.
Abstract
The dark web is a concealed portion of the Internet that can only be accessed through specialized software. Although multiple dark web technologies exist, with a common trait of using encryption to enforce anonymity, the Tor network remains the most prominent dark web network. To visit websites on the network, the user must use a heavily modified Firefox browser. The use of encryption to achieve anonymity poses a significant challenge for law enforcement that wishes to monitor users and content for illicit activity. This study examines Tor by focusing on the network structures created between websites via hyperlinks. Examining hyperlinks can provide insight into how virtual communities form on a network. We explore traditional social disorganization principles as a basis to draw comparisons between these virtual communities and real-life crime-prone neighborhoods. Automated data collection techniques were used to leverage the interconnected nature of domains on Tor. Using social network analysis, website hyperlinks are examined and core sites are identified. The analysis shows that these core sites forma significant portion of all connections made on the network with a density of 0.132. This core serves a critical function and has implications for detecting how users connect on Tor.
Year
DOI
Venue
2018
10.1155/2018/4231326
SECURITY AND COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
Field
DocType
Volume
Data collection,World Wide Web,Computer security,Computer science,Social network analysis,Encryption,Software,Hyperlink,Anonymity,Law enforcement,The Internet
Journal
2018
ISSN
Citations 
PageRank 
1939-0114
2
0.39
References 
Authors
5
4
Name
Order
Citations
PageRank
Bryan Monk1112.45
Julianna Mitchell220.39
Richard Frank3759.59
Garth Davies461.57