Paper Info
Title
Low-complexity online correction and calibration of pedestrian dead reckoning using map matching and GPS
Abstract
Dead Reckoning is a relative positioning scheme that is used to infer the change of position relative to a point of origin by measuring the traveled distance and orientation change. Pedestrian Dead Reckoning (PDR) applies this concept to walking persons. The method can be used to track someone's movement in a building after a known landmark like the building's entrance is registered. Here, the movement of a foot and the corresponding direction change is measured and summed up, to infer the current position. Measuring and integrating the corresponding physical parameters, e.g. using inertial sensors, introduces small errors that accumulate quickly into large distance errors. Knowledge of a buildings geography may reduce these errors as it can be used to keep the estimated position from moving through walls and onto likely paths. In this paper, we use building maps to improve localization based on a single foot-mounted inertial sensor. We describe our localization method using zero velocity updates to accurately compute the length of individual steps and a Madgwick filter to determine the step orientation. Even though the computation of individual steps is quite accurate, small errors still accumulate in the long term. We show how correction algorithms using likely and unlikely paths can rectify errors intrinsic to pedestrian dead reckoning tasks, such as orientation and displacement drift, and discuss restrictions and disadvantages of these algorithms. We also present a method of deriving the initial position and orientation from GPS measurements. We verify our PDR correction methods analyzing the corrected and raw trajectories of six participants walking four routes of varying length and complexity through an office building, walking each route three times. Our quantitative results show an endpoint accuracy improvement of up to 60% when using likely paths and 23% when using unlikely paths. However, both approaches can also decrease accuracy in certain scenarios. We identify those scenarios and offer further ideas for improving Pedestrian Dead Reckoning methods.
Year
DOI
Venue
2019
10.1080/10095020.2019.1617528
GEO-SPATIAL INFORMATION SCIENCE
Keywords
Field
DocType
Indoor localization,Pedestrian Dead Reckoning (PDR),Inertial Navigation System (INS),map matching,Zero Velocity Update (ZUPT)
Computer vision,Pedestrian,Dead reckoning,Artificial intelligence,Global Positioning System,Mathematics,Map matching,Calibration
Journal
Volume
Issue
ISSN
22.0
SP2
1009-5020
Citations 
PageRank 
References 
0
0.34
0
Authors
4
Name
Order
Citations
PageRank
Fabian Holzke103.04
Johann-P. Wolff200.68
Frank Golatowski332654.73
Christian Haubelt479668.77