Title
Conveying spatial awareness cues in xR collaborations.
Abstract
Spatial Augmented Reality (SAR) systems can be suitably combined with other existing Extended Reality (xR) technologies to support collaboration. In existing strategies, users unencumbered by a viewing technology, such as a tablet interface or a headmounted display, must rely on the transmission of their collaborators' positioning through interpreting a first-person camera view. This design creates a seam between a user's experience of the augmented physical environment in SAR, and their collaborators' experience inside the virtual environment. To assist in development and evaluation of spatial cues to support spatial awareness in SAR environments, an egocentric spatial-communication taxonomy is presented given two determining dimensions, a cue's attachment (physical/virtual) and animation (local/world). We developed four egocentric cues which characterize the four independent dimensions of the matrix: arrow, path, glow, and radial, and a single exocentric world in miniature visualization. Our study shows that virtual attachment cues are preferred, providing the highest accuracy, highest performance when collaborators are occluded, and produce the least mental effort when used with a single virtual collaborator. For multiple collaborators however, the virtual attached, world animated radial cue produces significant increases in mental load and reductions in preference, demonstrating the impact of visual augmentation clutter. The single exocentric visualization produced higher levels of head movement, and poorer accuracy, however the novelty of the visualization produced positive qualitative results.
Year
DOI
Venue
2019
10.1109/TVCG.2019.2932173
IEEE transactions on visualization and computer graphics
Keywords
Field
DocType
Extended reality,spatial augmented reality,awareness,augmented reality,collaboration,virtual reality
Computer vision,Virtual machine,Virtual reality,Computer science,Visualization,Endocentric and exocentric,Augmented reality,Animation,Artificial intelligence,Spatial contextual awareness,Novelty
Journal
Volume
Issue
ISSN
25
11
1941-0506
Citations 
PageRank 
References 
4
0.37
20
Authors
4
Name
Order
Citations
PageRank
Andrew Irlitti1434.43
Thammathip Piumsomboon220118.15
Daniel Jackson3464.25
Bruce H. Thomas41723201.93