Title
A Self-Calibrated 16-GHz Subsampling-PLL-Based Fast-Chirp FMCW Modulator With 1.5-GHz Bandwidth
Abstract
This article presents a 16-GHz frequency-modulated continuous-waveform (FMCW) modulator for radar applications in 28-nm CMOS. A two-point modulation technique is applied to reach a fast-chirp operation. A digital-to-time converter (DTC)-based subsampling phase-locked loop (PLL) is implemented to eliminate the power and noise from the frequency divider. Compared with the conventional delta–sigma division ratio-modulated PLL, this article presents an FM modulator with a finer loop-time resolution that lowers the quantization noise and improves the chirp FM accuracy. A voltage-driven analog varactor enables a programmable chirp bandwidth up to 1.5 GHz. The frequency-digital to analog converter (FDAC) nonlinearity is pre-distorted by an on-chip calibration engine. This FMCW modulator chirps 1.5-GHz bandwidth within <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$10~\mu \text{s}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> . The corresponding root-mean-square (rms) frequency error is 230 kHz, which is less than 0.015% of the chirp bandwidth.
Year
DOI
Venue
2019
10.1109/JSSC.2019.2941113
IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits
Keywords
Field
DocType
Chirp,Frequency modulation,Phase locked loops,Radar,Voltage-controlled oscillators,Bandwidth
Phase-locked loop,Frequency divider,Computer science,Electronic engineering,CMOS,Modulation,Bandwidth (signal processing),Chirp,Frequency modulation,Varicap
Journal
Volume
Issue
ISSN
54
12
0018-9200
Citations 
PageRank 
References 
3
0.38
0
Authors
4
Name
Order
Citations
PageRank
Qixian Shi1325.91
Keigo Bunsen2737.56
Nereo Markulic3529.29
Jan Craninckx4756181.43