Title
URBER: Ultrafast Rule-Based Escape Routing Method for Large-Scale Sample Delivery Biochips
Abstract
In high-throughput drug screening applications, as manual drug sample delivery is time-consuming and error-prone, there is an urgent need for accurate and efficient drug sample delivery biochip for large-scale microwell arrays. This paper proposes a new microfluidic biochip architecture, where drugs are automatically prepared with different concentration values, and then delivered into multiple microwells. For large-scale drug sample delivery biochips, the routing of drug sample delivery channels is a very challenging task without effective routing solutions. This paper proposes an ultrafast rule-based escape routing method, called URBER, to address the large-scale routing of drug sample delivery channels, which scales well in both runtime and memory even for a very large problem size. URBER runs very fast because it routes channels based on a set of predefined rules, which avoids runtime consumed in solution space exploration. All benchmarks for 30 <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${\le }~{N}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> , <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${M} {\le }~100$ </tex-math></inline-formula> have been tested, where <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${N}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> and <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${M}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> are the number of columns and rows of the terminal array. Among these benchmarks, about ~91.9% are routed with optimal solutions, and the runtime is order of magnitudes faster than optimal min-cost flow-based methods (speedup is from ~600 to ~340 k). Specifically, for all benchmarks with ( <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${M}/{N}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> ) <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${\in }$ </tex-math></inline-formula> ((3/4), (4/3)), optimal routing solutions are always obtained. URBER also shows promise of routing large-scale designs with up to 500 k terminals efficiently.
Year
DOI
Venue
2020
10.1109/TCAD.2018.2883908
IEEE Transactions on Computer-Aided Design of Integrated Circuits and Systems
Keywords
Field
DocType
Routing,Drugs,Generators,Computer architecture,Runtime,Benchmark testing
Row,Rule-based system,Biochip,Computer science,Microfluidics,Communication channel,Real-time computing,Drug Sample,Ultrashort pulse,Distributed computing,Speedup
Journal
Volume
Issue
ISSN
39
1
0278-0070
Citations 
PageRank 
References 
0
0.34
0
Authors
6
Name
Order
Citations
PageRank
Jiayi Weng100.34
Tsung-Yi Ho25921.63
Weiqing Ji302.03
Peng Liu400.34
Mengdi Bao500.34
Hailong Yao626739.56