Abstract | ||
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Oxygen is ubiquitous in nature and it plays a key role in several biological processes, such as cellular respiration and food deterioration, to name a few. Currently, reversible and non-destructive oxygen sensing is usually performed with sensors produced by photosensitization of phosphorescent organometallic complexes. In contrast, we propose a novel route of optical oxygen sensing by fluorescence-based quenching of oxygen. We hereby developed for the first time a set of multi-emissive purely organic emitters. These were produced through a one-pot hydrothermal synthesis using p-phenylenediamine (PPD) and urea as starting materials. The origin of the multi-emission has been ascribed to the diversity of chemical structures produced as a result of oxidative oligomerization of PPD. A Bandrowski's base (BB, i.e., trimer of PPD) is reported as the main component at reaction times higher than 8 h. This indication was confirmed by electrospray-ionization quadrupole time-of-flight (ESI-QTOF) and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) analysis. Once the emitters are embedded within a high molecular weight poly (vinyl alcohol) matrix, the intensities of all three emission centers exhibit a non-linear quenching provoked by oxygen within the range of 0-8 kPa. The detection limit of the emission centers are 0.89 kPa, 0.67 kPa and 0.75 kPa, respectively. This oxygen-dependent change in fluorescence emission is reversible (up to three tested 0-21% O-2 cycles) and reproducible with negligible cross-interference to humidity. The cost-effectiveness, metal-free formulation, cross-referencing between each single emission center and the relevant oxygen range are all appealing features, making these sensors promising for the detection of oxygen, e.g., in food packaged products. |
Year | DOI | Venue |
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2020 | 10.3390/s20020477 | SENSORS |
Keywords | Field | DocType |
optical oxygen sensing,fluorescence-based oxygen quenching,multi-emission,carbon nanodots,molecular fluorophores | Detection limit,Trimer,Analytical chemistry,Oxygen,Vinyl alcohol,Fluorescence,Phosphorescence,Quenching,Engineering,Quenching (fluorescence) | Journal |
Volume | Issue | ISSN |
20 | 2 | 1424-8220 |
Citations | PageRank | References |
0 | 0.34 | 0 |
Authors | ||
8 |
Name | Order | Citations | PageRank |
---|---|---|---|
Efe Armagan | 1 | 0 | 0.34 |
Shankar Thiyagarajan | 2 | 0 | 0.34 |
Kongchang Wei | 3 | 0 | 0.34 |
Akin Gursoy | 4 | 0 | 0.34 |
Giuseppino Fortunato | 5 | 0 | 0.34 |
Esther Amstad | 6 | 0 | 0.34 |
René Michel Rossi | 7 | 0 | 0.34 |
Claudio Toncelli | 8 | 0 | 0.34 |