Title
Whispers on Ethereum: Blockchain-based Covert Data Embedding Schemes
Abstract
The Ethereum cryptocurrency system becomes prevalent with the increasing number of daily transactions. It is a high-quality channel to secretly transfer information because senders and recipients are pseudonymous and transactions are tamper-resistant. Several existing covert channels have been designed for several years. However, most of the existing covert channels can either be detected by their special patterns or have low embedding rate. In this paper, we first use the VALUE field of a transaction in the Ethereum system to construct a HMAC-based multiple-bit embedding (HMAC-based MBE) scheme. We further proposed a Hash-based multiple-bit embedding (Hash-based MBE) scheme to enhance the covertness. Theoretical and experimental analysis show that both schemes have either higher embedding rate or better covertness than that of the existing works.
Year
DOI
Venue
2020
10.1145/3384943.3409433
ASIA CCS '20: The 15th ACM Asia Conference on Computer and Communications Security Taipei Taiwan October, 2020
DocType
ISBN
Citations 
Conference
978-1-4503-7610-5
0
PageRank 
References 
Authors
0.34
10
7
Name
Order
Citations
PageRank
Shaoyuan Liu100.34
Zhi Fang200.68
Feng Gao3394.43
Bakh Koussainov400.34
Zijian Zhang511821.43
Jiamou Liu64923.19
Liehuang Zhu763896.00