Paper Info
Title
One Step Is Not Enough: A Multi-Step Procedure For Building The Training Set Of A Query By String Keyword Spotting System To Assist The Transcription Of Historical Document
Abstract
Digital libraries offer access to a large number of handwritten historical documents. These documents are available as raw images and therefore their content is not searchable. A fully manual transcription is time-consuming and expensive while a fully automatic transcription is cheaper but not comparable in terms of accuracy. The performance of automatic transcription systems is strictly related to the composition of the training set. We propose a multi-step procedure that exploits a Keyword Spotting system and human validation for building up a training set in a time shorter than the one required by a fully manual procedure. The multi-step procedure was tested on a data set made up of 50 pages extracted from the Bentham collection. The palaeographer that transcribed the data set with the multi-step procedure instead of the fully manual procedure had a time gain of 52.54%. Moreover, a small size training set that allowed the keyword spotting system to show a precision value greater than the recall value was built with the multi-step procedure in a time equal to 35.25% of the time required for annotating the whole data set.
Year
DOI
Venue
2020
10.3390/jimaging6100109
JOURNAL OF IMAGING
Keywords
DocType
Volume
keyword spotting, assisted transcription, handwritten documents, training set, automatic document processing, historical documents, digital transformation, cultural heritage
Journal
6
Issue
ISSN
Citations 
10
2313-433X
0
PageRank 
References 
Authors
0.34
0
3
Name
Order
Citations
PageRank
Antonio Parziale1255.66
Giuliana Capriolo200.34
Angelo Marcelli313932.42