Title
Delta-Sigma FDC Enhancements for FDC-Based Digital Fractional-<italic>N</italic> PLLs
Abstract
This paper describes all-digital enhancements for digital fractional-N phase-locked loops (PLLs) based on delta-sigma (ΔΣ) frequency-to-digital converters (FDCs). The enhancements include an improved dual-mode ring oscillator (DMRO)-based ΔΣ FDC architecture and a digital background calibration technique that compensates for the ΔΣ FDC's forward path gain error. The improved ΔΣ FDC has significantly relaxed timing constraints and a 3× smaller phase-frequency detector output pulse-width span relative to the prior art, which make it simpler to implement and amenable to higher-frequency reference signals. The calibration technique compensates for non-ideal DMRO frequencies in the digital domain. It eliminates the need to tune the DMRO instantaneous frequencies as a function of the PLL output frequency, thereby simplifying the DMRO implementation, and it also improves the phase noise performance of PLLs with high loop bandwidths.
Year
DOI
Venue
2021
10.1109/TCSI.2020.3040346
IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems I: Regular Papers
Keywords
DocType
Volume
Delta-sigma (ΔΣ) modulation,digital background calibration,frequency-to-digital converter (FDC),frequency synthesizer,digital phase-locked loop (PLL)
Journal
68
Issue
ISSN
Citations 
3
1549-8328
0
PageRank 
References 
Authors
0.34
0
5
Name
Order
Citations
PageRank
Enrique Alvarez-Fontecilla122.41
Amr I. Eissa200.68
Eslam Helal300.68
Colin Weltin-Wu400.34
Ian Galton500.68