Paper Info
Title
A Spatial Domain-Based Color Image Blind Watermarking Scheme Integrating Multilevel Discrete Hartley Transform
Abstract
In this paper, a spatial domain-based blind watermarking scheme of color images integrating multilevel discrete Hartley transform (DHT) is proposed to protect color digital images' copyright under the current 5G network environment. On the basis of the unique spatial computing property of the maximum energy coefficient of DHT and the energy aggregation principle of multilevel image transform, the color watermark image scrambled by Affine transform is directly hidden into color carrier image by quantitative techniques in the spatial domain, rather than the complex DHT domain. The specific performance of the scheme in various aspects is as follows: (1) the average value of the peak signal-to-noise ratio is higher than 40 dB; (2) the average value of structural similarity index metric remains above 0.9700; (3) the average value of normalized cross-correlation under no attack is 1.0000; (4) the average value of normalized cross-correlation. under attack is above 0.9600; (5) the total execution time is 1.1856 s; (6) the maximum embedding capacity is 0.0625 bpp; and (7) the entire key space is greater than 2(432). Multiple simulation results demonstrate that the proposed scheme is not merely imperceptible and robust, but also secure and efficient, which can protect the digital copyright with effect.
Year
DOI
Venue
2021
10.1002/int.22461
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INTELLIGENT SYSTEMS
Keywords
DocType
Volume
blind watermarking, color image, discrete Hartley transform, maximum energy coefficient, spatial domain
Journal
36
Issue
ISSN
Citations 
8
0884-8173
0
PageRank 
References 
Authors
0.34
0
2
Name
Order
Citations
PageRank
Xueting Zhang192.85
Qingtang Su217616.90