Paper Info
Title
Occupational exposure to electromagnetic fields in magnetic resonance environment: an update on regulation, exposure assessment techniques, health risk evaluation, and surveillance
Abstract
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is one of the most-used diagnostic imaging methods worldwide. There are ∼50,000 MRI scanners worldwide each of which involves a minimum of five workers from different disciplines who spend their working days around MRI scanners. This review analyzes the state of the art of literature about the several aspects of the occupational exposure to electromagnetic fields (EMF) in MRI: regulations, literature studies on biological effects, and health surveillance are addressed here in detail, along with a summary of the main approaches for exposure assessment. The original research papers published from 2013 to 2021 in international peer-reviewed journals, in the English language, are analyzed, together with documents published by legislative bodies. The key points for each topic are identified and described together with useful tips for precise safeguarding of MRI operators, in terms of exposure assessment, studies on biological effects, and health surveillance.
Year
DOI
Venue
2022
10.1007/s11517-021-02435-6
Medical & Biological Engineering & Computing
Keywords
DocType
Volume
Magnetic resonance, MRI, Electromagnetic fields, Occupational exposure, Exposure assessment, Regulations and guidelines, Health surveillance
Journal
60
Issue
ISSN
Citations 
2
0140-0118
0
PageRank 
References 
Authors
0.34
5
13
Name
Order
Citations
PageRank
Valentina Hartwig153.87
Giorgio Virgili200.34
F Ederica Mattei300.34
Cristiano Biagini400.34
Stefania Romeo532.03
Olga Zeni631.70
Maria Rosaria Scarfi700.68
Rita Massa800.34
Francesco Campanella900.34
Luigi Landini106712.52
Fabriziomaria Gobba1101.01
Alberto Modenese1200.34
Giulio Giovannetti1351.06