Title
A Comparison of Wearable Tonometry, Photoplethysmography, and Electrocardiography for Cuffless Measurement of Blood Pressure in an Ambulatory Setting
Abstract
<italic xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">Objective:</i> While non-invasive, cuffless blood pressure (BP) measurement has demonstrated relevancy in controlled environments, ambulatory measurement is important for hypertension diagnosis and control. We present both in-lab and ambulatory BP estimation results from a diverse cohort of participants. <italic xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">Methods:</i> Participants (N=1125, aged 21-85, 49.2% female, multiple hypertensive categories) had BP measured in-lab over a 24-hour period with a subset also receiving ambulatory measurements. Radial tonometry, photoplethysmography (PPG), electrocardiography (ECG), and accelerometry signals were collected simultaneously with auscultatory or oscillometric references for systolic (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP). Predictive models to estimate BP using a variety of sensor-based feature groups were evaluated against challenging baselines. <italic xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">Results:</i> Despite limited availability, tonometry-derived features showed superior performance compared to other feature groups and baselines, yieldingprediction errors of 0.32 <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\pm$</tex-math></inline-formula> 9.8 mmHg SBP and 0.54 <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\pm$</tex-math></inline-formula> 7.7 mmHg DBP in-lab, and 0.86 <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\pm$</tex-math></inline-formula> 8.7 mmHg SBP and 0.75 <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\pm$</tex-math></inline-formula> 5.9 mmHg DBP for 24-hour averages. SBP error standard deviation (SD) was reduced in normotensive (in-lab: 8.1 mmHg, 24-hr: 7.2 mmHg) and younger (in-lab: 7.8 mmHg, 24-hr: 6.7 mmHg) subpopulations. SBP SD was further reduced 15–20% when constrained to the calibration posture alone. <italic xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">Conclusion:</i> Performance for normotensive and younger participants was superior to the general population across all feature groups. Reference type, posture relative to calibration, and controlled vs. ambulatory setting all impacted BP errors. <italic xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">Significance:</i> Results highlight the need for demographically diverse populations and challenging evaluation settings for BP estimation studies. We present the first public dataset of ambulatory tonometry and cuffless BP over a 24-hour period to aid in future cardiovascular research.
Year
DOI
Venue
2022
10.1109/JBHI.2022.3153259
IEEE Journal of Biomedical and Health Informatics
Keywords
DocType
Volume
Blood Pressure,Blood Pressure Determination,Electrocardiography,Female,Humans,Hypertension,Male,Manometry,Photoplethysmography,Wearable Electronic Devices
Journal
26
Issue
ISSN
Citations 
7
2168-2194
0
PageRank 
References 
Authors
0.34
6
23
Name
Order
Citations
PageRank
Rebecca Mieloszyk100.34
Hope Twede200.34
Jonathan Lester301.35
Jeremiah Wander400.34
Sumit Basu571664.99
Gabe Cohn627917.41
Greg Smith741119.46
Dan Morris81691100.70
Sidhant Gupta997252.23
Desney Tan104009314.29
Nicolas Villar1100.34
Moni Wolf1200.34
Sailaja Malladi1300.34
Matt Mickelson1400.34
Lauren Ryan1500.34
Lindsey Kim1600.34
Jeffrey Kepple1700.34
Susanne Kirchner1800.34
Emma Wampler1900.34
Riena Terada2000.34
Joel Robinson2100.34
Ron Paulsen2200.34
T. Scott Saponas2375843.73