Title
Learning scene-adaptive pseudo annotations for pedestrian detection in semi-supervised scenarios
Abstract
Sufficient labeled training data may not be available for pedestrian detection in many real-world scenes. Semi-supervised settings naturally apply for the case where an adequate number of images are collected in a target scene but only a small proportion of them can be manually annotated. A common strategy is to adopt a detector trained on a well-established dataset (source data) or the limited annotated data to pseudo-annotate unannotated images. However, the domain gap and the lack of supervision in the target scene may lead to low-quality pseudo annotations. In this paper, we propose a Scene-adaptive Pseudo Annotation (SaPA) approach, which aims at exploiting two types of training data: source data providing sufficient supervision and unannotated target data offering domain-specific information. To utilize the source data, an Annotation Network (AnnNet) competes with a domain discriminator to learn domain-invariant features. To exploit the unannotated data, we temporally aggregate the parameters of AnnNet to build a more robust network, which is able to provide training goals for AnnNet. This new approach improves the generalization performance of AnnNet, which eventually leads to high-quality pseudo annotations to the unannotated data. Both manual and pseudo annotations are leveraged to train a more precise and scene-specific detector. We perform extensive experiments on multiple benchmarks to verify the effectiveness and superiority of SaPA.
Year
DOI
Venue
2022
10.1016/j.knosys.2022.108439
Knowledge-Based Systems
Keywords
DocType
Volume
Pedestrian detection,Semi-supervised learning,Domain adaptation,Collaborative training
Journal
243
ISSN
Citations 
PageRank 
0950-7051
0
0.34
References 
Authors
26
5
Name
Order
Citations
PageRank
Wenhao Wu100.34
Qianfen Jiao211.70
Hau-San Wong3100886.89
Gaozhe Li400.34
Si Wu514816.73