Paper Info
Title
Consideration of a robust watermarking algorithm for color image using improved QR decomposition
Abstract
In order to protect the digital image copyright, it is necessary to design a robust watermarking algorithm. To achieve this purpose, a novel color image watermarking scheme based on an improved QR decomposition is proposed in this paper. The proposed method gives a new algorithm to find elements of Q and R matrices instead of using the Gram–Schmidt algorithm for QR factorization. First, the R matrix is performed by solving a set of linear equations where diagonal elements of R are checked and modified if they are zero or negative. After that, the Q matrix is computed based on the R matrix. In addition, a novel formula is proposed to improve the extracting time where the first element R(1, 1) of the R matrix is found instead of computing QR decomposition as the previous proposals. Experimental results show that the proposed method outperforms other considered methods in this paper in terms of the quality of the watermarked images. Furthermore, the execution time is significantly improved, and the extracted watermark is more robust against almost tested attacks.
Year
DOI
Venue
2022
10.1007/s00500-022-06975-3
Soft Computing
Keywords
DocType
Volume
Digital watermarking, Copyright protection, Gram–Schmidt algorithm, QR factorization, Quantization index modulation (QIM)
Journal
26
Issue
ISSN
Citations 
11
1432-7643
0
PageRank 
References 
Authors
0.34
18
3
Name
Order
Citations
PageRank
Phuong Thi Nha100.34
Ta Minh Thanh200.34
Nguyen Tuan Phong300.34