Title
HEX: scaling honeycombs is easier than scaling clock trees
Abstract
We argue that grid structures are a very promising alternative to the standard approach for distributing a clock signal throughout VLSI circuits and other hardware devices. Traditionally, this is accomplished by a delay-balanced clock tree, which distributes the signal supplied by a single clock source via carefully engineered and buffered signal paths. Our approach, termed HEX, is based on a hexagonal grid with simple intermediate nodes, which both control the forwarding of clock ticks in the grid and supply them to nearby functional units. HEX is Byzantine fault-tolerant, in a way that scales with the grid size, self-stabilizing, and seamlessly integrates with multiple synchronized clock sources, as used in multi-synchronous Globally Synchronous Locally Asynchronous (GALS) architectures. Moreover, HEX guarantees a small clock skew between neighbors even for wire delays that are only moderately balanced. We provide both a theoretical analysis of the worst-case skew and simulation results that demonstrate very small typical skew in realistic runs.
Year
Venue
Keywords
2013
J. Comput. Syst. Sci.
clock source,single clock source,small clock skew,clock signal,grid size,clock tick,delay-balanced clock tree,hexagonal grid,buffered signal path,grid structure,byzantine fault tolerance,self stabilization
Field
DocType
Volume
Vector clock,Clock signal,Asynchronous communication,Timing failure,Computer science,Parallel computing,Matrix clock,Clock skew,Synchronous circuit,Digital clock manager,Distributed computing
Conference
82
Issue
Citations 
PageRank 
5
1
0.35
References 
Authors
21
5
Name
Order
Citations
PageRank
Danny Dolev169251305.43
Matthias Függer216721.14
Christoph Lenzen358440.61
Martin Perner410.69
Ulrich Schmid512717.24