Paper Info
Title
Stereoscopic viewing enhances visually induced motion sickness but sound does not
Abstract
Optic flow in visual displays or virtual environments often induces motion sickness (MS). We conducted two studies to analyze the effects of stereopsis, background sound, and realism (video vs. simulation) on the severity of MS and related feelings of immersion and vection. In Experiment 1, 79 participants watched either a 15-min-long video clip taken during a real roller coaster ride, or a precise simulation of the same ride. Additionally, half of the participants watched the movie in 2D, and the other half in 3D. MS was measured using the Simulator Sickness Questionnaire (SSQ) and the Fast Motion Sickness Scale (FMS). Results showed a significant interaction for both variables, indicating highest sickness scores for the real roller coaster video presented in 3D, while all other videos provoked less MS and did not differ among one another. In Experiment 2, 69 subjects were exposed to a video captured during a bicycle ride. Viewing mode (3D vs. 2D) and sound (on vs. off) were varied between subjects. Response measures were the same as in Experiment 1. Results showed a significant effect of stereopsis; MS was more severe for 3D presentation. Sound did not have a significant effect. Taken together, stereoscopic viewing played a crucial role in MS in both experiments. Our findings imply that stereoscopic videos can amplify visual discomfort and should be handled with care.
Year
DOI
Venue
2012
10.1162/PRES_a_00102
Presence
Keywords
Field
DocType
real roller coaster ride,bicycle ride,stereoscopic video,simulator sickness questionnaire,stereoscopic viewing,real roller coaster video,background sound,induced motion sickness,fast motion sickness scale,15-min-long video clip,significant effect,significant interaction,virtual environment,optical flow
Computer vision,Computer science,Stereopsis,Stereoscopy,Simulation,Motion sickness,Visual Discomfort,Immersion (virtual reality),Artificial intelligence,Simulator sickness
Journal
Volume
Issue
ISSN
21
2
1054-7460
Citations 
PageRank 
References 
9
0.68
14
Authors
2
Name
Order
Citations
PageRank
Behrang Keshavarz1655.56
Heiko Hecht28112.48