Title
Experiences with planning for natural language generation
Abstract
Natural language generation (NLG) is a major subfield of computational linguistics with a long tradition as an application area of automated planning systems. While current mainstream approaches have largely ignored the planning approach to NLG, several recent publications have sparked a renewed interest in this area. In this article, we investigate the extent to which these new NLG approaches profit from the advances in planner expressiveness and efficiency. Our findings are mixed. While modern planners can readily handle the search problems that arise in our NLG experiments, their overall runtime is often dominated by the grounding step they perform as preprocessing. Furthermore, small changes in the structure of a domain can significantly shift the balance between search and preprocessing. Overall, our experiments show that the off-the-shelf planners we tested are unusably slow for nontrivial NLG problem instances. As a result, we offer our domains and experiences as challenges for the planning community.
Year
DOI
Venue
2011
10.1111/j.1467-8640.2010.00370.x
COMPUTATIONAL INTELLIGENCE
Keywords
Field
DocType
natural language generation,planning
Natural language generation,Business system planning,Computer science,Computational linguistics,Planner,Preprocessor,Artificial intelligence,Mainstream,Machine learning,Expressivity
Journal
Volume
Issue
ISSN
27.0
SP1.0
0824-7935
Citations 
PageRank 
References 
22
0.91
11
Authors
2
Name
Order
Citations
PageRank
Alexander Koller1515.08
Ronald P. A. Petrick230924.24