Paper Info
Title
A 65 nm 0.5 V DPS CMOS Image Sensor With 17 pJ/Frame.Pixel and 42 dB Dynamic Range for Ultra-Low-Power SoCs
Abstract
Adding vision capabilities to wireless sensors nodes (WSN) for the Internet-of-Things requires imagers working at ultra-low power (ULP) in nanometer CMOS systems-on-chip (SoCs). Such performance can be obtained with time-based digital pixel sensors (DPS) working at ultra-low voltage (ULV), at the expense of lower dynamic range, higher fixed-pattern noise (FPN) and thus poorer image quality. To address this problem, three key techniques were developed in this work for DPS pixels: wide-range adaptive body biasing, low-gating of the 2-transistor in-pixel comparator and digital readout performing delta-reset sampling with low switching activity and robust timing closure. These concepts were demonstrated by designing and fabricating a 128 × 128 CMOS image sensor array in a 65 nm low-power CMOS logic process. Operating at 0.5 V, it features an FPN of 0.66%, a dynamic range of 42 dB and a fill factor of 57% with a 4 μm pixel pitch, while consuming only 17 pJ/(frame.pixel) and 8.8 μW at 32 fps. These performances combined with the small silicon area of 0.69 mm2 makes the imager perfectly suitable for integration in ULP SoCs, targeting WSN applications.
Year
DOI
Venue
2015
10.1109/JSSC.2015.2457897
Solid-State Circuits, IEEE Journal of
Keywords
Field
DocType
CMOS image sensors,Internet of Things,comparators (circuits),digital readout,image sampling,low-power electronics,nanoelectronics,nanosensors,sensor arrays,system-on-chip,wireless sensor networks,2-transistor in-pixel comparator,DPS CMOS image sensor array,Internet of Things,ULP SoC,WSN,delta reset sampling,digital pixel sensor,digital readout,energy 17 pJ,fixed pattern noise,nanometer CMOS systems-on-chip,power 8.8 muW,size 65 nm,time-based digital pixel sensor,ultra low power SoC,ultra low voltage,voltage 0.5 V,wide range adaptive body biasing,wireless sensors node,CMOS image sensor,system-on-chip,ultra-low power,ultra-low voltage
Dot pitch,Logic gate,Comparator,System on a chip,Dynamic range,Image sensor,Computer science,Electronic engineering,CMOS,Pixel,Electrical engineering
Journal
Volume
Issue
ISSN
50
10
0018-9200
Citations 
PageRank 
References 
0
0.34
0
Authors
7
Name
Order
Citations
PageRank
Numa Couniot151.61
de Streel, G.2111.52
François Botman331.48
Angelo Kuti Lusala4213.02
Guerric de Streel552.18
Denis Flandre631670.47
David Bol716227.67