Title
L4 Microkernels: The Lessons from 20 Years of Research and Deployment.
Abstract
The L4 microkernel has undergone 20 years of use and evolution. It has an active user and developer community, and there are commercial versions that are deployed on a large scale and in safety-critical systems. In this article we examine the lessons learnt in those 20 years about microkernel design and implementation. We revisit the L4 design articles and examine the evolution of design and implementation from the original L4 to the latest generation of L4 kernels. We specifically look at seL4, which has pushed the L4 model furthest and was the first OS kernel to undergo a complete formal verification of its implementation as well as a sound analysis of worst-case execution times. We demonstrate that while much has changed, the fundamental principles of minimality, generality, and high inter-process communication (IPC) performance remain the main drivers of design and implementation decisions.
Year
DOI
Venue
2016
10.1145/2893177
ACM Trans. Comput. Syst.
Keywords
Field
DocType
Design,Performance,Security,Verification,Microkernels,L4,seL4,IPC,message passing,minimality,performance,formal verification,real time,worst-case execution time,virtualization
Virtualization,Worst-case execution time,Software deployment,Computer science,Microkernel,Real-time computing,Message passing,Generality,Sound analysis,Distributed computing,Formal verification
Journal
Volume
Issue
ISSN
34
1
0734-2071
Citations 
PageRank 
References 
8
0.52
37
Authors
2
Name
Order
Citations
PageRank
Gernot Heiser12525137.42
K. Elphinstone2119065.76