Abstract | ||
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Three-dimensional Network-on-Chips (3D NoCs) is a popular design choice due to its low packet latency, low network power consumption and high packing density. However, 3D NoCs suffer from high temperature issues. The 3D stacking of Si-layers elongates heat transfer path from different Si-layers to the heat sink resulting in increase in peak temperature of the chip. Since routers of NoCs have high power densities, a higher router activity may result in signification increase in temperature of the chip. Therefore, a judicious selection of the routing path is necessary to reduce the chip temperature. As the routers placed at the lower Si-layers have higher thermal conductance to the heat sink, a routing path consisting of more number of routers in the lower Si-layers may improve the temperature profile of the chip. In this paper, we have proposed two different thermal-aware routing approaches, which use downward detoured routing for some optimally selected communication paths to reduce the chip temperature. The first technique is a thermal-aware application-specific Mixed Integer Linear Programming based method (named TMD), while the second one is an application-agnostic heuristic approach (named TSD). To predict the effect of detour decisions on the temperature profile of the chip, TMD technique has applied two different thermal models with a constraint on the average packet delay (APD) of the network. Experimental results show that a significant temperature reduction (up to 22∘) can be achieved within minimal performance loss (10% increase in APD) using either of the proposed techniques, compared to the minimal path routing algorithms – XYZ, ZXY and EDGE and the greedy detour approaches – All Detour and Random Detour. |
Year | DOI | Venue |
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2020 | 10.1016/j.jpdc.2020.04.010 | Journal of Parallel and Distributed Computing |
Keywords | DocType | Volume |
3D network-on-chip,Mixed Integer Linear Programming,Thermal-aware routing,Average packet delay | Journal | 144 |
ISSN | Citations | PageRank |
0743-7315 | 0 | 0.34 |
References | Authors | |
0 | 3 |
Name | Order | Citations | PageRank |
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Priyajit Mukherjee | 1 | 11 | 3.57 |
Navonil Chatterjee | 2 | 26 | 6.21 |
Santanu Chattopadhyay | 3 | 343 | 44.89 |