Title
SearcHD: A Memory-Centric Hyperdimensional Computing With Stochastic Training
Abstract
Brain-inspired hyperdimensional (HD) computing emulates cognitive tasks by computing with long binary vectors—also know as hypervectors—as opposed to computing with numbers. However, we observed that in order to provide acceptable classification accuracy on practical applications, HD algorithms need to be trained and tested on nonbinary hypervectors. In this article, we propose SearcHD, a fully binarized HD computing algorithm with a fully binary training. SearcHD maps every data points to a high-dimensional space with binary elements. Instead of training an HD model with nonbinary elements, SearcHD implements a full binary training method which generates multiple binary hypervectors for each class. We also use the analog characteristic of nonvolatile memories (NVMs) to perform all encoding, training, and inference computations in memory. We evaluate the efficiency and accuracy of SearcHD on a wide range of classification applications. Our evaluation shows that SearcHD can provide on average <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$31.1\times $ </tex-math></inline-formula> higher energy efficiency and <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$12.8\times $ </tex-math></inline-formula> faster training as compared to the state-of-the-art HD computing algorithms.
Year
DOI
Venue
2020
10.1109/TCAD.2019.2952544
IEEE Transactions on Computer-Aided Design of Integrated Circuits and Systems
Keywords
DocType
Volume
Encoding,Training,Computational modeling,Inference algorithms,Task analysis,Hardware,Acceleration
Journal
39
Issue
ISSN
Citations 
10
0278-0070
3
PageRank 
References 
Authors
0.38
0
7
Name
Order
Citations
PageRank
Mohsen Imani134148.13
Xunzhao Yin230.38
John Messerly3111.53
Saransh Gupta410111.58
Michael Niemier519131.85
Xiaobo Sharon Hu62004208.24
Tajana Simunic73198266.23