Paper Info
Title
Thermal Management for FPGA Nodes in HPC Systems
Abstract
AbstractThe integration of FPGAs into large-scale computing systems is gaining attention. In these systems, real-time data handling for networking, tasks for scientific computing, and machine learning can be executed with customized datapaths on reconfigurable fabric within heterogeneous compute nodes. At the same time, thermal management, particularly battling the cooling cost and guaranteeing the reliability, is a continuing concern. The introduction of new heterogeneous components into HPC nodes only adds further complexities to thermal modeling and management. The thermal behavior of multi-FPGA systems deployed within large compute clusters is less explored. In this article, we first show that the thermal behaviors of different FPGAs of the same generation can vary due to their physical locations in a rack and process variation, even though they are running the same tasks. We present a machine learning–based model to capture the thermal behavior of each individual FPGA in the cluster. We then propose two thermal management strategies guided by our thermal model. First, we mitigate thermal variation and hotspots across the cluster by proactive thermal-aware task placement. Under the tested system and benchmarks, we achieve up to 26.4° C and on average 13.3° C system temperature reduction with no performance penalty. Second, we utilize this thermal model to guide HLS parameter tuning at the task design stage to achieve improved thermal response after deployment.
Year
DOI
Venue
2020
10.1145/3423494
ACM Transactions on Design Automation of Electronic Systems
Keywords
DocType
Volume
Thermal modeling, high performance computing, task placement, thermal-aware design
Journal
26
Issue
ISSN
Citations 
2
1084-4309
0
PageRank 
References 
Authors
0.34
0
5
Name
Order
Citations
PageRank
Yingyi Luo110.69
Joshua C. Zhao200.34
Arnav Aggarwal300.34
Seda Öǧrenci Memik448842.57
Kazutomo Yoshii524918.53