Name
Title | ||
|---|---|---|
X-MAN: A Non-Intrusive Power Manager for Energy-Adaptive Cloud-Native Network Functions |
Abstract | ||
|---|---|---|
Emerging microservices demand flexible low-latency processing of network functions in virtualized environments, e.g., as containerized network functions (CNFs). While ensuring highly responsive low-latency CNF processing, the computing environments should conserve energy to reduce costs. In this systems integration study, we develop and evaluate the novel XDP-Monitoring Energy-Adaptive Network Functions (X-MAN) framework for managing the CPU operational states (P-states) so as to reduce the power consumption while prioritizing low-latency service. Architecturally, X-MAN consists of lightweight traffic monitors that are attached to the virtual network interfaces in the kernel space for per-CNF traffic monitoring and a power manager in user space with a global view of the CNFs on a CPU core. Algorithmically, X-MAN monitors the CPU core utilization via hybrid simple and weighted moving average prediction fed by the traffic monitors and a power management based on step-based CPU core frequency (P-state) adjustments. We evaluate X-MAN through extensive measurements in a real physical testbed operating at up to 10 Gbps. We find that X-MAN incurs significantly shorter and more consistent monitoring latencies for the CPU utilization than a state-of-the-art CPU hardware counter approach. Also, X-MAN achieves more responsive CPU core frequency adjustments and more pronounced reductions of the CPU power consumption than a state-of-the-art code instrumentation approach. We make the X-MAN source code publicly available. |
Year | DOI | Venue |
|---|---|---|
2022 | 10.1109/TNSM.2021.3126822 | IEEE Transactions on Network and Service Management |
Keywords | DocType | Volume |
Containerized network function (CNF),CPU P-state,express data path (XDP),load monitoring,microservice,network testbed,power management | Journal | 19 |
Issue | ISSN | Citations |
2 | 1932-4537 | 0 |
PageRank | References | Authors |
0.34 | 51 | 5 |
Name | Order | Citations | PageRank |
|---|---|---|---|
| Zuo Xiang | 1 | 7 | 1.49 |
| Malte Hoeweler | 2 | 0 | 0.34 |
| Dongho You | 3 | 0 | 0.34 |
| Martin Reisslein | 4 | 1661 | 114.91 |
| Frank H. P. Fitzek | 5 | 706 | 123.89 |